Patch tracker / CVE reference / CVE-2025-21420

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CVE-2025-21420

Patch this cycle
Not confirmed exploited yet, but the 30-day exploit probability is high (EPSS 23%).
Fixed by KB5051974 and 11 more (by build, listed below). Download from the Microsoft Update Catalog, or deploy via Windows Update, Intune, or WSUS.
Do this now: Patch in this maintenance window; do not let it slip to the next one.

High severity Microsoft vulnerability, CVSS 8.8. Fixed by 12 Microsoft security updates.

CVE-2025-21420 is a high severity Microsoft vulnerability with a CVSS score of 8.8. Its EPSS score puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 23%. Microsoft has shipped the fix: deploy one of the 12 updates below from the Microsoft Update Catalog, and see where this CVE sits against the rest on the patch tracker.

High

Risk summary

CVSS base
8.8
EPSS exploit probability
23%
Severity
High

Senserva AI Opinion for CVE-2025-21420

The Windows Disk Cleanup tool, an unglamorous built-in utility, provides privilege escalation on Windows Server 2022 and Server 2019 Server Core installations at High Severity, CVSS 8.8. Utility-based escalations like this are easy to trigger from a compromised user session, and the 22 percent EPSS score shows respectable attacker interest.

Do this: Include Server Core installations in the patch verification pass, they are easy to overlook without a desktop.

AI-generated from public data, 2026-07-07. Verify against the vendor advisory before acting.

Senserva AI Opinion and rich prompt for CVE-2025-21420

Copy this prompt into Claude, ChatGPT, or Copilot. The facts are included, sourced from this page.

Full tracking and change history for CVE-2025-21420

Published
2025-02-11
Last revised
2025-02-11
Changes tracked
1

Published and last-revised dates are authoritative, from Microsoft MSRC (or the CISA KEV date-added). Senserva additionally records day-to-day changes from 2026-07-07, refreshed several times a day; the change count reflects that forward-only tracking.

Exploitation and severity

Not in the CISA KEV catalog. EPSS exploit probability 23%. CVSS 8.8 (High).

This CVE is among the lower half of tracked Microsoft CVEs by EPSS exploit probability.

Official patch(es) for CVE-2025-21420

Elevated priority: high severity or a meaningful exploitation probability, sooner if an affected product is internet-facing. In Intune or Defender, confirm whether the fixing updates KB5051974, KB5051979, KB5051980, KB5051987, KB5051989, KB5052000, KB5052006, KB5052020, KB5052040, KB5052042, KB5052105, KB5052106 are installed across the affected products. Senserva does this automatically across your tenant and flags every missing patch.

Apply the Microsoft security updates below to fix CVE-2025-21420. Each KB page links to the Microsoft Update Catalog download for every affected product.

KB5051974KB5051979KB5051980KB5051987KB5051989KB5052000KB5052006KB5052020KB5052040KB5052042KB5052105KB5052106

Affected products

Common questions about CVE-2025-21420

Is CVE-2025-21420 actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. Its EPSS score puts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days at 23%.

What patch fixes CVE-2025-21420?

Microsoft fixed CVE-2025-21420 in KB5051974, KB5051979, KB5051980, KB5051987, KB5051989, KB5052000, KB5052006, KB5052020, KB5052040, KB5052042, KB5052105, KB5052106. Download from the Microsoft Update Catalog, or let Intune, Windows Update, or WSUS deliver it.

Which products are affected by CVE-2025-21420?

Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems, Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems, Windows Server 2019.

Can I ask my own AI about CVE-2025-21420?

Yes. This page includes a free, ready-to-paste AI prompt containing CVE-2025-21420's key facts: severity, CVSS, EPSS exploit probability, CISA KEV status, and the fixing KB. Copy it into Claude, ChatGPT, or Copilot for a triage plan; the data is refreshed three times a day (5 AM, 12:30 PM, and 7 PM US Central).

Fixed by the same updates

If you are patching CVE-2025-21420, the same updates also fix these:

CVE-2025-21391CVE-2025-21418CVE-2025-21179CVE-2025-21181CVE-2025-21182CVE-2025-21183CVE-2025-21184CVE-2025-21190

Authoritative references

Official CVE record (cve.org)NVD detailMicrosoft MSRCFIRST.org EPSS

Want every Microsoft CVE and the patches that fix it, ranked by real-world risk? See the Microsoft Patch Tracker.

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Sponsored by Senserva

Siemserva by Senserva reports patch status for your own devices: which ones are exposed to CVE-2025-21420, for example, ranked by what attackers actually exploit. If this page saves you time, a link to it with a mention of Senserva helps others find it. Thank you.

  • Patch status in one scan: which devices are affected, which are not
  • Missing updates ranked by CISA KEV and EPSS, so you fix the right things first
  • Data from Intune, Microsoft Defender, Windows Autopatch, and Azure Update Manager, with more sources on the way
  • Third-party app patching too: updates published to Intune by PatchMyPC, Scappman, Robopack, or any vendor, read vendor-neutrally
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  • Then go further: 650+ security checks find the top 15 vulnerabilities in Microsoft 365 that are settings, not software, with compliance evidence and Senserva Trustworthy AI remediation
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SenservaPATCHINGTenant: Contoso Manufacturing ▾OverviewAutopatch healthDevicesAsk SenservaExport Patch Status Report
3 actively exploited CVEs are unmitigated on devices in this tenant, per CISA KEV.View fix-first list ↓
312
Devices scanned
Intune + Autopatch + Defender
3
Exploited updates missing
CISA KEV, unmitigated
905
Microsoft updates tracked
Refreshed daily, MSRC + NVD
650+
Security checks in scan
Patch, config, identity, logs

Triage order for this list

Same order in the dashboard, the report, and every AI answer
1st · overrides everything
Actively exploited (KEV)
e.g. KB5040219, CVE-2026-31210
→
2nd · tiebreaker
Severity (Critical → Low)
MSRC + EPSS probability
→
3rd · tiebreaker
Days waiting
Oldest unresolved first

Ranked missing updates, fix-first order

27 findings · showing top 2
#UpdateCVESeveritySourceDevicesWaiting
1KB5040219
Windows 11 23H2 cumulative
CVE-2026-31210
KEV EPSS 0.94		CriticalDefender4119 daysAdd to fix-first
2KB5040088
.NET Framework security update
CVE-2026-29981
KEV		CriticalIntune1712 daysAdd to fix-first
Estimated dashboard, sample data for illustration

Ask Senserva

via Claude + MCP
Which devices are still missing the fix for CVE-2026-31210?
41 devices are missing KB5040219, which resolves CVE-2026-31210. This CVE is on CISA KEV, so CISA BOD 22-01 calls for remediation within 14 days. You are at 19 days and counting.
source: scan_db · defender_posture · kev_join, not model memory
Get Devices Found Get Devices Missing
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Lexicon: the terms on this page
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures. A unique ID for one publicly known vulnerability, such as CVE-2025-1234.
KB
Microsoft Knowledge Base article. The identifier for a specific Microsoft update.
KEV
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities. CVEs confirmed exploited in the wild. Fix these first.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System. A standardized Severity score from 0 to 10.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System. The probability a CVE will be exploited in the next 30 days.
MSRC
Microsoft Security Response Center. Microsoft's Patch Tuesday advisories and KB-to-CVE mapping.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database (NIST). Authoritative CVE metadata and CVSS scores.
Ransomware
The vulnerability is linked to known ransomware activity.
Reference: Microsoft CVE and vulnerability management, the full CVE-to-patch lookup ranked by real-world risk, and the Microsoft patching guide, how Intune, Windows Autopatch, Defender, and Azure Update Manager fit together.
Data notice: this page, the feeds, and the API are provided as is, for informational purposes only, without warranty of any kind. Senserva, LLC does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of third-party data (MSRC, NVD, CISA KEV, EPSS) and accepts no liability for actions taken based on it; verify against the authoritative vendor advisory before acting. Built daily with Senserva Trustworthy AI. All use of this data is subject to the Senserva EULA.